The World is Running Out of Water!!
By 2030, the global population is expected to reach nine billion, driving demand for 40% more water than today. Climate change, rising consumption, and fragmented efforts are worsening the crisis. As water remains central to all economic activity, growing pressure on this scarce resource threatens sustainable growth. Effective wastewater treatment and sustainable solutions will be vital to meeting basic needs and ensuring long-term economic development.
Clean and Water Positive India, Priority of the current time !
India, the most populous country in the world is aspiring to become a developed nation by 2047! This aspiration can only be met if India is able to clean its environment and sustain its water resources.
Treatment of used water before discharge to the environment is becoming mandatory in India. It also provides a great opportunity to reuse the treated water for many applications, reduce stress on freshwater resources to promote sustainable development.
This problem along with depleting ground water tables, poor water quality and the health of all the rivers and the water bodies make the situation very scary, as a result, this would be one of the biggest challenge India will have to overcome for meeting aspiration of its people for eliminating poverty through sustained growth. As is, 600 million people in India face high to extreme water stress. Since time immemorial, human civilizations have thrived along the river banks. But focus on economic development has put pressure on our natural environment including, the water resources. Unfortunately, the water bodies today have been converted into dumping areas for human, animal and industrial wastes.
As a result of the recent change in government at the national level, there is a strong focus on developing innovative, cost-effective, and decentralized local demand-side-driven solutions for water-use efficiency and effluent treatment.
Reusing recycled sewage water provides a great opportunity. Unlike other measure sewage as a resource has very predictable supply and input quality feature hence it is a great tool not only for reducing demand for drawing more fresh water but solving pollution and sanitation challenges faced by India.
Our current approach of developing large centralised treatment plants based on network of pipe lines has several limitations for further development to be used as the back bone of water recycle and reuse system. These solutions require long term planning, execution and large investments, hence have low viability in large part of the country. Decentralised STPs on the other hand can be much more flexible, cost and time efficient and have very high scalability. These products are ideal for Localised treatment and reuse of sewage water for local applications.
India can draw a leaf out of the experience of Japan, which has been deploying such solutions successfully for last 60 years through JOHKASOU concept and Technology. The country has developed a very robust framework of standardised Policies, Technologies, Product and People certification systems to make it part of regular development.
Water is shared resource hence shared responsibility for stakeholders across government, private sector, and civil society and time to change is now!
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